Crisis Management Performance of Countries during Covid-19
An Intercultural Comparison and Key Cultural Dimensions in view of Nuclear Emergency Preparedness Education
Klimaschewski, Frank; Campkin, Fiona
24th Nuclear Medical Defence Conference (ConRad), Munich, Germany, 05 2021.
The Quantitative Analysis of Uranium Isotopes in the Urine of an Ammunition Clean-up Worker deployed on Dutch North Sea Islands
Klimaschewski, Frank
European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), Barcelona, Spain, 12.-16.10.2019.
Abstract
The military training sites on the Dutch Islands Vlieland and Terschelling in the North Sea are used for military target practice including uranium weapons. Civilians are employed on those islands to collect projectiles, debris and remove tank wrecks.
One subject involved in the clean-up reported severe multiple health problems (i.e. general weakness, problems with lung function and blood cells/leukemia) after approximately two weeks of work on the testing sites.
A 24-hour urine analysis with ICP-MS were performed by Jülich laboratory four years after exposure to determine the concentration and precise isotopic composition of three uranium isotopes (234U, 235U, 238U) in the urine specimen.
The analysis measured a 234U concentration of 5.6E-04 ng/l (1.3E-4 Bq/l) and a 238U concentration of 1.13E+01 ng/l (1.4E-4 Bq/l).) The 238U/234U ratio was 17 417, normally indicative of natural uranium. 235U reported as non-detectable indicates a rather unusual result inconsistent with other population studies.
The total uranium concentration measured in urine of the subject years after exposure is below the mean concentration of uranium urine excretion in Germany (21.5 ng/d ± 19.4 SD). However, this does not rule out the possibility of an initial contamination of the lung with uranium from uranium containing weapon systems at time zero that exceed permitted levels since uranium might have been metabolised several years after inhalation. Further research especially into the environmental contamination is warranted.
Feature: A Time Lapse Map of Nuclear Explosions 1945-1998
Emergency Readiness in the Current Nuclear Age - An Educational Challenge
Klimaschewski, Frank; Campkin, Fiona
23rd Nuclear Medical Defence Conference (ConRad), Munich, Germany, 05 2019.
Emergency Readiness in the local Community – Developing a Learning Civilian Preparedness Network to Increase the Efficacy of Interagency Disaster Responses
Klimaschewski, Frank (invited speaker)
World CBRN & Medical Congress (CEBIRAM), Prague, Czech Republic, 17.-19.10.2018.
Community Resilience - Creating linear-reflective Emergency Preparedness Structures to Increase Adaptive Response Capabilities for Radiological/Nuclear Disasters
Klimaschewski, Frank
World Congress on CBRNe Science and Consequence Management (CSCM), Cavtat, Croatia, 03.-06.09.2018.
Forensic Analysis of Inhaled Radioactive Dust in Human Lung Tissue – Quantitative Analysis and Geometric Topology of Isotopes with Micro CT, Electron Microscopy and LA-ICP-MS - A Comparative Methodology Report
Klimaschewski, Frank; Duraković, Asaf
World Congress on CBRNe Science and Consequence Management (CSCM), Cavtat, Croatia, 03.-06.09.2018.
The Scientific Legacy of Dr. Asaf Durakovic - An Anthology of Key Advances and Publications on the Medical Effects of Depleted Uranium, Ionizing Radiation, and Internal Contamination with Actinides
Duraković, Asaf (author), Bell, D.E., and Bell, M. (editors)
(WLIPH), Medina, NY, USA 2018.
Medical Effects of a Transuranic "Dirty Bomb"
Duraković, Asaf
US Journal of Military Medicine, 182, April, 2017.
Mil Med article
Abstract
The modern military battlefields are characterized by the use of nonconventional weapons such as encountered in the conflicts of the Gulf War I and Gulf War II. Recent warfare in Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Balkans has introduced radioactive weapons to the modern war zone scenarios. This presents the military medicine with a new area of radioactive warfare with the potential large scale contamination of military and civilian targets with the variety of radioactive isotopes further enhanced by the clandestine use of radioactive materials in the terrorist radioactive warfare. Radioactive dispersal devices (RDDs), including the "dirty bomb," involve the use of organotropic radioisotopes such as iodine 131, cesium 137, strontium 90, and transuranic elements. Some of the current studies of RDDs involve large-scale medical effects, social and economic disruption of the society, logistics of casualty management, cleanup, and transportation preparedness, still insufficiently addressed by the environmental and mass casualty medicine. The consequences of a dirty bomb, particularly in the terrorist use in urban areas, are a subject of international studies of multiple agencies involved in the management of disaster medicine. The long-term somatic and genetic impact of some from among over 400 radioisotopes released in the nuclear fission include somatic and transgenerational genetic effects with the potential challenges of the genomic stability of the biosphere. The global contamination is additionally heightened by the presence of transuranic elements in the modern warzone, including depleted uranium recently found to contain plutonium 239, possibly the most dangerous substance known to man with one pound of plutonium capable of causing 8 billion cancers. The planning for the consequences of radioactive dirty bomb are being currently studied in reference to the alkaline earths, osteotropic, and stem cell hazards of internally deposited radioactive isotopes, in particular uranium and transuranic elements. The spread of radioactive materials in the area of the impact would expose both military and civilian personnel to the blast and dust with both inhalational, somatic, and gastrointestinal exposure, in the aftermath of the deployment of RDDs. The quantities of radioactive materials have proliferated from the original quantity of plutonium first isolated in 1941 from 0.5 mg to the current tens of thousands of kilograms in the strategic nuclear arsenal with the obvious potential consequences to the biosphere and mankind. In an event of RDD employment, the immediate goal of disaster and mass casualty medicine would be a synchronized effort to contain the scope of the event, followed by cleanup and treatment procedures. A pragmatic approach to this problem is not always possible because of unpredictability of the terrorist-use scenarios.
Developing a Methodology to Assess Human Lung Failure due to Uranium Dust Contamination - A Progress Report
Klimaschewski, Frank1; Duraković, Asaf2, G. Tromba3, S. Pacilѐ3, D. Dreossi3 , C. Dullin4
(1) Uranium Medical Research Institute, London, UNITED KINGDOM, (2) UMRC, Washington, DC, UNITED STATES, (3) Elettra Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Trieste, ITALY, (4) Dept. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, GERMANY.
22nd Nuclear Medical Defence Conference (ConRad),
Munich, Germany, 05 2017.
Clinical Observation, Genomic Bioindication, and Medicolegal Interests in Assessment of Chronic Exposure to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation in the US FUSRAP Madison Site of the St. Louis District
Duraković, Asaf; Bell, D. E.
UMRC, Washington, DC, UNITED STATES
22nd Nuclear Medical Defence Conference (ConRad),
Munich, Germany, 05 2017.
The European Union`s Missing Strategy for Civilian Nuclear/Radiological Emergency Preparedness for Mass Casualties
Klimaschewski, Frank, 22nd Nuclear Medical Defence Conference (ConRad),
Munich, Germany, 05 2017.
Spectrometric Isotope Analysis of Urine and Whole Body of a Child from Tokyo after Exposure to the Radioactive Outfall from Fukushima – A Case Study
Klimaschewski, Frank, 22nd Nuclear Medical Defence Conference (ConRad),
Munich, Germany, 05 2017.
Depleted Uranium on Radioactive Battlefields - The Risk of Proliferation of Nuclear Materials for Radiological Dispersal Devices (RDDs)
Duraković, Asaf; Klimaschewski, Frank
AMSUS Military Medicine Conference - Federal Health 2016, Washington, USA, 29.11. - 02.12.2016
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Chromosomal Aberrations in Veterans and Civilian Populations as Bioindicators of Genotoxicity of Actinides Duraković, Asaf; Klimaschewski, Frank, World Congress on CBRNe Science and Consequence Management (CSCM), Tbilisi, Georgia, 05/06 2016.
Nuclear/Radiological Terrorism - The Urgent Need to Develop a Simple and Effective Civilian Resilience Strategy for Urban Scenarios Klimaschewski, Frank, World Congress on CBRNe Science and Consequence Management (CSCM), Tbilisi, Georgia, 05/06 2016.
Depleted Uranium on Radioactive Battlefields - The Legacy that can Lead to the Uncontrolled Proliferation of Nuclear/Radiological Materials for the RDD Terrorist Scenario Klimaschewski, Frank, World Congress on CBRNe Science and Consequence Management (CSCM), Tbilisi, Georgia, 05/06 2016. |
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